Sources, Sites and Components of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) from Animal Agriculture in West Papua Province, Indonesia
Deny A. Iyai,
Yubelince Y. Runtuboi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, October 2016
Pages:
121-126
Received:
22 July 2016
Accepted:
5 August 2016
Published:
2 September 2016
Abstract: Environmental status of an area needs to be recognized with both locally and globally measureable indicators. Papua Barat has played important roles as carbon sink of the world with its forest cover. However, recently many areas are being converted for several functions. Agricultural function is a leading sector for the environmental degradation with emissions uncounted produced. Data collected from nine regencies compiled by West Papua province environmental department were accounted for. Quantifications were made to compute average emission resulted from large livestock, small livestock and poultry-manure production. Manure and slurry were the main sources of GHGs emissions, i.e. CO2, CH4 and N2O. The highest contribution was produced by poultry followed by large livestock and small livestock (p<0.01). In terms of poultry, broiler was the highest (p<0.05) compared to village chicken, egg poultry and duck. The three highest producing emissions are Manokwari, Kota Sorong and Sorong.
Abstract: Environmental status of an area needs to be recognized with both locally and globally measureable indicators. Papua Barat has played important roles as carbon sink of the world with its forest cover. However, recently many areas are being converted for several functions. Agricultural function is a leading sector for the environmental degradation wi...
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Environmental Assessment of CO and SO2 Pollution Resulting from Bye-Product of Biomass Fuel at Gboko Town, in Benue State, Nigeria
Aungwa Francis,
Danladi Eli,
Gyuk Philip Musa,
Joshua Adeyemi Owolabi,
Gabriel Olawale Olowomofe,
Muhammad Sani Ahmad,
Baba Isa Garba
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, October 2016
Pages:
127-130
Received:
10 August 2016
Accepted:
2 September 2016
Published:
8 October 2016
Abstract: The assessment of Carbon monoxide (CO) and Sulphur dioxide (SO2) was carried out at Gboko in Benue State, Nigeria. A total of six areas were surveyed across the town. The concentrations of the CO and SO2 varied from 1.90 to 8.00 ppm and 0.10 to 0.24 ppm respectively. Studies indicate that, the average hourly concentration in parts per million (ppm) of CO and SO2 in all the six points surveyed were found to be 4.98 and 0.15 ppm respectively, with a standard deviation of 1.83 ppm and 0.05 ppm. This is about 50.17 and 11.76 % deviations for CO and SO2 from the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 10.00 and 0.17 ppm for CO and SO2 respectively. These results do not pose an immediate threat to the environment but subsequent accumulation may be dangerous.
Abstract: The assessment of Carbon monoxide (CO) and Sulphur dioxide (SO2) was carried out at Gboko in Benue State, Nigeria. A total of six areas were surveyed across the town. The concentrations of the CO and SO2 varied from 1.90 to 8.00 ppm and 0.10 to 0.24 ppm respectively. Studies indicate that, the average hourly concentration in parts per million (ppm)...
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Pre-treatment of Yeast Production Wastewater and Hydrogen Production Based on MF-CSTR Process
Ding J.,
Jiang J. Y.,
Liu X. S.
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, October 2016
Pages:
131-139
Received:
16 October 2016
Published:
17 October 2016
Abstract: Wastewater produced during the yeast production has high COD concentration, chroma and turbidity and it is difficult to dissolve the water, which has constrained the development of yeast industry. This thesis researched the process of pretreatment of wastewater from yeast production wastewater. Membrane filtering was introduced to hold back the yeast existed in the wastewater. The filtered water was sent to produce hydrogen in anaerobic environment, while the residue was sent to extract protein. The filtering process utilized the PVDF membrane with an aperture of 0.2μm can hold back the yeast sufficiently. According to the transmembrane pressure, 10days worked as a period to clean the membrane at the aeration of 0.15m3•h-1. The cost as well as the profit is compared, which showed that for a yeast factory which had a daily wastewater production of 1 000m3, the profit could be as high as 1 090 yuan•d-1. Intermittent shake flask tests were conducted to study the difference of hydrogen production between direct anaerobic digestion and anaerobic digestion after filtration. When influent pH was 5.00, the hydrogen percentage of filtered group was 49.69%, which exceeded the group without filtration by 20.34%. The HRT and OLR were tested for CSTR to get the highest hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation of the filtered yeast industry wastewater. Results showed that, when HRT was 8h and OLR was 24kgCOD•m-3•d-1, the system can get the highest biohydrogen production rate at 13.2L•d-1. This test suggested that MF-CSTR pretreatment process can simultaneously treat yeast industry wastewater effectively and realize resource recovery from yeast protein and energy recovery and utilization from hydrogen, which provides the theoretical foundation for the treatment and resource utilization from yeast industry wastewater.
Abstract: Wastewater produced during the yeast production has high COD concentration, chroma and turbidity and it is difficult to dissolve the water, which has constrained the development of yeast industry. This thesis researched the process of pretreatment of wastewater from yeast production wastewater. Membrane filtering was introduced to hold back the yea...
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